Title of the article:

EVOLUTION OF THE “POSTCARD” (“OPEN LETTER”) IN RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF HISTORIC EVENTS OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

Author(s):

Tatiana V. Belko

Nikolai P. Beschastnov

Information about the author/authors

Tatyana V. Belko — DSc in Technical Sciences, Professor, Volga Region State University of Service, Gagarin St. 4, 445677 Togliatti, Russia. E-mail: belko@tolgas.ru

Nikolai P. Beschastnov — DSc in Arts, Professor, A. N. Kosygin Russian State University, Sadovnicheskaya St. 33, 117997 Moscow, Russia. E-mail: npb.art@mail.ru

Section

History of Arts

Year

2019

Volume

Vol. 53

Pages

pp. 240–257

Received

December 27, 2018

Date of publication

September 28, 2019

Index UDK

769.5

Index BBK

85.7+85.103(2)6  

Abstract

The article provides a brief description of the main stages of development of the “postcard” (“open letter”) in Europe and Russia; identifies the specifics of the storylines and functional features of each historical period; displays historical, cultural and art characteristics of a number of objects of communicative design — postcards; identifies analyzes the historical context, that affected the graphic diversity of products of ideological influence on broad masses of the war years (the First world war and the Great Patriotic war, the October revolution) and the Soviet period. The period from 1865 to 1874 is marked in the history of the miniature information object by a search for graphics and universal phrases for correspondence. Since the late 1890s, professional artists have been searching for visual motifs, storylines and new graphic solutions. The activity of the Community of St. Eugenia and the artists of the Association “World of art” played a tremendous role in the formation and development of Russian “open letter” as a form of graphic art, and greatly contributed to the popularization of domestic and foreign art in Russia. The period from 1900 to 1917 is justly considered to be the “Golden age” in the history of Russian illustrated “open letters”. The paper considers the postcard of the Soviet period as a tool of ideological propaganda of the Soviet system and the information platform of social and political life of the USSR.

Keywords

open letter, postcard design, history of postcard development in Russia, postcard of the Soviet period.

References

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