|
Title of the article: |
OLGA BERGHOLZ IN THE LITERARY FIELD: PATH TO THE LEGITIMATION OF STATUS |
|
Author(s): |
Natalia A. Prozorova |
|
Information about the author/authors |
Natalia A. Prozorova — PhD in Philology, Senior Scientist of the Manuscript Division of the Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom) Russian Academy of Science, Makarov Emb. 4. 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia. |
|
Section |
Philological sciences |
|
Year |
2023 |
|
Volume |
Vol. 69 |
|
Pages |
pp. 312–325 |
|
Received |
6 March, 2022. |
|
Approved after reviewing |
October 12, 2022 |
|
Date of publication |
September 25, 2023 |
|
DOI: |
https://doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2023-69-312-325 |
|
Index UDK |
821.161. 1-1 |
|
Index BBK |
Ш 33 (2Рос=Рус) 6-8, 445 |
|
Abstract |
The study examines the position of O. F. Bergholz in the literary field of the 1930s and the struggle for legitimization of the status of the Leningrad poet in the early 1940s. The purpose of the paper is to determine the place of the poetess in the literary process of the 1930s and to identify the factors (dispositions) that contributed to her successful creative realization during wartime. In the 1930s, despite the «consecration» of M. Gorky, of Bergholz's first books, she became an object of attacks and repression: she was in a situation of alienation from the writer's environment due to the “Averbach case”, and spent six-month in prison isolation following trumped-up charges of counterrevolutionary activity. It was not that Bergholz fought for a strong position in literary field, but for the mere survival in it. After the repressions and prison, the theme of human suffering came into focus of the poetess's attention; she came to be inclined to view the blockade hardships of Leningrad residents. Bergholz's habitus, her author's strategy aimed at “helping people mentally”, correlated with the tasks of wartime. The reader's expectations for support not by the “poetry of conditional formulas”, but by a simple and “relieving” word coincided with Bergholz's aesthetics. The blockade texts moved her from the periphery of the literary field to its forefront. The poetess expressed the joint traumatic experience in a form of “letters” and “conversations” with a lively, personal intonation; let the Leningrad theme manifested in a new style (“barely poems”); opened readers` eyes on “themselves”; she conveyed the existential experience of a person on the verge of death and saw the heroism of the Leningraders as a psychological issue (how to escape “dehumanizing”). These factors allowed her to achieve the legitimate status of the besieged Leningrad`s poetess. |
|
Keywords |
Literary Field, O. F. Bergholz, Habitus, Leningrad Theme, the Status of the Leningrad Poet. |
|
References |
1 Barskova, P. “Blokadnye ty: funktsiia liricheskogo obrashcheniia v poezii Zinaidy Shishovoi, Ol'gi Berggol'ts i Gennadiia Gora” [“Blockade You: The Function of Lyrical Appeal in the Poetry of Zinaida Shishova, Olga Bergholz and Gennady Gore”]. Blokadnye narrativy: sbornik statei [Blockade Narratives: Collection of Articles]. Moscow, Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie Publ., 2017, pp. 226–240. (In Russ.) 2 Burd'e, P. “Pole literatury” [“The Field of Literature”], trans., introd., ref. by M. Gronas; afterword N. Kauppi. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, no. 45, 2000, pp. 5–87. (In Russ.) 3 Gronas, M. “‘Chistyi vzgliad’ i vzgliad praktika: P'er Burd'e o kul'ture” [“‘Pure View’ and the View of Practice: Pierre Bourdieu on Culture”]. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, no. 45, 2000, pp. 6–21. (In Russ.) 4 Zolotonosov, M. N. Okhota na Berggol'ts: Leningrad, 1937 [Hunting Bergholz: Leningrad, 1937]. St. Petersburg, Izdatel'skii dom “Mir” Publ., 2015. 464 p. (In Russ.) 5 Prozorova, N. A. “K istorii znakomstva Ol'gi Berggol'ts i Anny Ganzen” [“To the History of Acquaintance of Olga Bergholz and Anna Hansen”]. Ezhegodnik Rukopisnogo otdela Pushkinskogo Doma na 2018–2019 gody [Pushkin House Manuscripts Department Annuary]. St. Petersburg, Dmitrii Bulanin Publ., 2019, pp. 111–116. (In Russ.) 6 Prozorova, N. A. Ol'ga Berggol'ts: nachalo (po rannim dnevnikam) [Olga Bergholz: The Beginning (According to Early Diaries) ]. St. Petersburg, Rostok Publ., 2014. 288 p. (In Russ.) 7 Prozorova, N. A. “Pod pritselom partiinoi tsenzury: stsenarii i p'esa O. F. Berggol'ts i G. P. Makogonenko ‘Oni zhili v Leningrade’ (po arkhivnym materialam RO IRLI RAN)” [“Under the Gun of the Party Censorship: Script and Play by O. F. Bergholz and G. P. Makogonenko ‘They Lived in Leningrad’ (Based on Archival Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences) ]. Zapechatlennaia pobeda: kliuchevye obrazy, kontsepty, ideologemy (Literaturnye sobytiia i fenomeny XX veka) [Captured Victory: Key Images, Concepts, Ideologemes]. St. Petersburg, Voronezh, Tipografiia IP O. Iu. Aleinikova, 2015, pp. 51–61. (In Russ.) 8 Prozorova, N. A. “Poetologiia O. F. Berggol'ts: refleksiia i avtorskaia strategiia” [“Poetology O. F. Bergholz: Reflection and Author's Strategy”]. Problemy istoricheskoi poetiki, Vol. 19, no. 2, 2021, pp. 353–372. (In Russ.) 9 Sokolovskaia, N. “‘Tiur'ma — istok pobedy nad fashizmom’” [“Prison is the Source of Victory Over Fascism”]. Ol'ga. Zapretnyi dnevnik: dnevniki, pis'ma, proza, izbrannye stikhotvoreniia i poemy Ol'gi Berggol'ts [Olga. Forbidden Diary: Diaries, Letters, Prose, Selected Poems and Poems by Olga Bergholz]. St. Petersburg, Azbuka-klassika Publ., 2010, pp. 343–358. (In Russ.) 10 Shcheglova, E. “‘Oni molchat — svideteli bedy…’” [“They are Silent — Witnesses of Trouble...”]. Voprosy literatury, no. 2, 2008, pp. 68–78. (In Russ.) |
|
PDF-file |
