Title of the article:

MILITARY EDUCATION OF THE GREAT PRINCES NIKOLAEVICHS: TANGIBLE AND INTANGIBLE CULTURE (ROMANOVS PERSONAL FUNDS IN SARF)

Author(s):

Bella L. Shapiro

Information about the author/authors

Bella L. Shapiro — PhD in History, Russian State University for the Humanities, Miusskaya Sq. 6, 125993 Moscow, Russia. E-mail: b.shapiro@mail.ru

Section

Theory and history of culture

Year

2020

Volume

Vol. 55

Pages

pp. 34–49

Received

May 16, 2019

Date of publication

March 28, 2020

DOI:

10.37816/2073-9567-2020-55-34-49

Index UDK

008+930.85+94(47).073

Index BBK

71.1+63.3(2)

Abstract

The author addresses the conception of military education, elaborated by Emperor Nicholas I together with V. A. Zhukovsky. The study aims to detect key components of this conception belonging to the tangible as well as intangible culture. As the author notes these two aspects of culture were in demand in terms of their interaction. Thus, for instance, military toys served four emperor`s sons not only for game purposes, but also for study of the military history and military science. The paper traces the dynamics of the great princes` education from the birth to their adulthood and identifies the main personalities that influenced this process the most: besides the father-emperor, those were the tutors of the grand princes (reputable persons with a real military and life experience, St. George Cross holders). In addition to Zhukovsky’s “Plan of education,” the diaries of the Romanovs, their tutors and fellows served as the main sources of research. The biographical method and chronological and problematic approaches constitutes methodological basis of this research: their intersection allowed identifying synchronous boundary stages of the young Romanovs lives. The results obtained complement already well-known military education history in the Russian nobility culture. For the first time the study introduces, as an addendum, documents from the personal funds of the Romanovs in the SARF, illustrating key points of the research.

Keywords

The Romanovs, Nicholas I, Grand Dukes Nikolaevichs, military history, education, game, toy.

References

1 Antonov A. N. Pervyi Kadetskii Korpus. K 235-i godovshchine osnovaniia [The First Cadet Corps. To the 235th anniversary of the Foundation]. Voennaia byl', 1967, no 84, pp. 1–6. (In Russian)

2 Batushkina armiia. Gatchinskie voiska velikogo kniazia Pavla Petrovicha [Batushkin's army. Gatchina troops of Grand Duke Pavel Petrovich]. St. Petersburg, Galereia Publ., 2008. 35 p. (In Russian)

3 Beliakova Z. I. Velikie kniaz'ia Nikolaevichi: v vysshem svete i na voine [Grand Dukes Nikolaevichs: in high society and in war]. St. Petersburg, Logos Publ., 2002. 329 p. (In Russian)

4 Bim-Bad B. M. Podgotovka k vlasti: dokumental'noe povestvovanie o politicheskoi pedagogike [Preparing for power: a documentary narrative of political pedagogy]. Ul'ianovsk, Pechatnyi dvor Publ., 2007. 140 p. (In Russian)

5 Bozherianov I. N. Detstvo, vospitanie i leta iunosti russkikh imperatorov [Childhood, education and young years of Russian emperors]. St. Petersburg, Tipografiia A. Benke Publ., 1915. 128 p. (In Russian)

6 Vtoroe dykhanie: Gatchina i Petergof v epokhu imperatora Nikolaia I [Second wind: Gatchina and Peterhof in the era of Emperor Nicholas I]. St. Petersburg, Izdatel'stvo GMZ “Gatchina” Publ., 2011. 32 p. (In Russian)

7 Vyskochkov L. V. Pamiat' ob ottse: Nikolai I i Pavel I [Memory of his father: Nicholas I and Paul I]. Trudy Istoricheskogo fakul'teta SPbGU, 2013, vol. XI, pp. 22–34. (In Russian)

8 Golovnin A. V. Zapiski dlia nemnogikh [Notes for the few]. St. Petersburg, Nestor-Istoriia Publ., 2004. 576 p. (In Russian)

9 Golovnin A. V. Materialy dlia zhizneopisaniia tsarevicha i velikogo kniazia Konstantina Nikolaevicha [Materials for the biography of Tsarevich and Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich]. St. Petersburg, D.A.R.K. Publ., 2006. 368 p. (In Russian)

10 Grabar' V. K. Vskormlennye s kop'ia. Ocherki istorii detskogo voinskogo vospitaniia [Spear-fed. Essays on the history of children's military education]. St. Petersburg, Izdatel'stvo SPbGU Publ., 2009. 580 p. (In Russian)

11 Zherve V. V. General-fel'dmarshal velikii kniaz' Nikolai Nikolaevich starshii: istoricheskii ocherk ego zhizni i deiatel'nosti. 1831–1891 [General field Marshal Grand Duke Nicholas Sr: a historical sketch of his life and work. 1831–1891]. St. Petersburg, Tipografiia M. O. Vol'f Publ., 1911. 248 p. (In Russian)

12 Zimin I. V. Tsarskie den'gi. Dokhody i raskhody Doma Romanovykh. Povsednevnaia zhizn' Rossiiskogo imperatorskogo dvora [The king's money. Income and expenses of the House of Romanovs. Everyday life of The Russian Imperial court]. Moscow, Tsentrpoligraf Publ., 2011. 686 p. (In Russian)

13 Merder K. K. Zapiski K. K. Merdera, vospitatelia tsesarevicha Aleksandra Nikolaevicha. 1826–1832 [Notes by K. K. Merder, educator of Crown Prince Alexander Nikolaevich. 1826–1832]. Russkaia starina, 1885, no 2, pp. 343–364. (In Russian)

14 Merder K. K. Zapiski K. K. Merdera, vospitatelia tsesarevicha Aleksandra Nikolaevicha. 1826–1832 [Notes by K. K. Merder, educator of Crown Prince Alexander Nikolaevich. 1826–1832]. Russkaia starina, 1885, no 3, pp. 527–554. (In Russian)

15 Merder K. K. Zapiski K. K. Merdera, vospitatelia tsesarevicha Aleksandra Nikolaevicha. 1826–1832 [Notes by K. K. Merder, educator of Crown Prince Alexander Nikolaevich. 1826–1832]. Russkaia starina, 1885, no 5, pp. 265–280. (In Russian)

16 Merder K. K. Zapiski K. K. Merdera, vospitatelia tsesarevicha Aleksandra Nikolaevicha. 1826–1832 [Notes by K. K. Merder, educator of Crown Prince Alexander Nikolaevich. 1826–1832]. Russkaia starina, 1885, no 6, pp. 481–510. (In Russian)

17 Merder K. K. Zapiski K. K. Merdera, vospitatelia tsesarevicha Aleksandra Nikolaevicha. 1826–1832 [Notes by K. K. Merder, educator of Crown Prince Alexander Nikolaevich. 1826–1832]. Russkaia starina, 1885, no 9, pp. 429–444. (In Russian)

18 Olsuf'ev A. V. Poteshnye imperatora Nikolaia Pavlovicha [Poteshnye of Emperor Nicholas Pavlovich]. Russkii arkhiv, 1910, no 11, pp. 443–448. (In Russian)

19 Pervushina E. V. Pushkin, Pavlovsk, Petrodvorets [Pushkin, Pavlovsk, Petrodvorets]. St. Petersburg, Litera Publ., 2003. 222 p. (In Russian)

20 Poddelkova P. E. Detskie igrushki velikikh kniazei [Children's toys of Grand Dukes]. Obshchestvo. Sreda. Razvitie (Terra Humana), 2013, no 4 (29), pp. 40–44. (In Russian)

21 Rogulin N. G. Oloviannyi soldatik [Tin soldier]. Rodina, 2004, no 3, pp. 90–92. (In Russian)

22 Romanov N. P. Vospominaniia o mladencheskikh godakh imperatora Nikolaia Pavlovicha, zapisannye im sobstvennoruchno [Memories of the infant years of Emperor Nicholas Pavlovich, written in his own hand]. St. Petersburg, Tipografiia R. Golike i A. Vil'borg Publ., 1908. 21 p. (In Russian)

23 Sidorova A. N. Razvitie “priiatnykh talantov” (literatura i iskusstva v protsesse vospitaniia detei imperatora Nikolaia I) [Development of “pleasant talents” (literature and art in the process of education of the children of Emperor Nicholas I) ]. Kul'tura i iskusstvo v epokhu Nikolaia I. Materialy VI nauchnoi konferentsii iz tsikla “Imperatorskaia Gatchina”, 23–24 oktiabria 2008 g. [Culture and art in the era of Nicholas I. Proceedings of the VI scientific conference from the cycle “Imperial Gatchina”, October 23–24, 2008] St. Petersburg, Alina Publ., 2008, pp. 111–128. (In Russian)

24 Stvolinskii Iu. Oloviannaia rat' polkovnika Liushkovskogo [The tin army of Colonel Lyushkovsky]. Kollektsiia sluzhit liudiam [The Collection serves people]. Leningrad, Lenizdat Publ., 1973, pp. 81–87. (In Russian)

25 Stoletie voennogo ministerstva. 1802–1902. Imperatorskaia glavnaia kvartira. Istoriia gosudarevoi svity. Tsarstvovanie imperatora Nikolaia I [Centenary of the war office. 1802–1902. The Imperial headquarters. History of the sovereign's retinue. The reign of the Emperor Nicholas I]. St. Petersburg, Tipografiia M. Vol'f Publ., 1908. Vol. 2. Part. 1. 478 p. (In Russian)

26 Suvorov A. V. Nauka pobezhdat' [The science of winning]. Moscow, OLMA Media Grupp Publ., 2014. 304 p. (In Russian)

27 Khimshiev N. V. Dom Romanovykh v istorii Pervogo kadetskogo korpusa [Romanov house in the history of The first Cadet corps]. St. Petersburg, Voennaia tipografiia Publ., 1913. 81 p. (In Russian)

28 Chernukha V. G. Aleksandr Vtoroi: vospominaniia, dnevniki [Alexander the Second: memories, diaries]. St. Petersburg, Pushkinskii fond Publ., 1995. 418 p. (In Russian)

29 Shapiro B. L. Nikolai Nikolaevich Romanov starshii: kavalerist, konnozavodchik, kollektsioner (lichnyi fond N. N. Romanova starshego v GARF) [Nikolay Nikolaevich Romanov Sr.: cavalryman, horse breeder, collector (personal Fund of N. N. Romanov Sr. in GARF) ]. Genesis: istoricheskie issledovaniia, 2018, no 12, pp. 152–167. (In Russian)

PDF-file

Download

Illustrations