Title of the article:

SEMICIRCULAR SQUARE IN TVER AS A SPECIMEN OF EVOLUTION OF THE VOLUME AND SPACE COMPOSITION OF CATHERINE THE GREAT`S TIME

Author(s):

Aleksey M. Salimov

Marina A. Salimova

Information about the author/authors

Aleksey M. Salimov — DSc of Art, Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences, a Chief Researcher of the Department of Architecture and Urban Planning of the Ancient World and the Middle Ages, Scientific Research Institute of Theory and History of Architecture and Urban Planning, branch of the Central Institute for Research and Design of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation, Dushinskaya St., 9, 111024 Moscow, Russia. E-mail: sampochta@mail.ru

Marina A. Salimova — Engineer-restorer, Head of the Department of Historical-Cultural Researches, Scientific-Restoration Centre Ltd. Specialist in architectural history, restoration of architectural monuments, architectural archaeology, Sokolnicheskaya Sq., 4 a, 107113 Moscow, Russia. E-mail: sampochta@mail.ru

Section

History of Arts

Year

2021

Volume

Vol. 62

Pages

pp. 273–296

Received

May 13, 2021

Date of publication

December 28, 2021

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2021-62-273-296

Index UDK

7.03

Index BBK

85.113(2)

Acknowledgements

The paper was performed under The Programme of Fundamental Scientific Researches of Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences (RAASN) and Scientific Research Institute of Theory and History of Architecture and Urban Planning (NIITIAG), branch of the Central Institute for Research and Design (CNIIP) of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation.

Abstract

The present paper considers on the basis of numeral sources an architectural ensemble of one of the main squares of the central part of Tver. Organized in 1760-es it is a bright example of medieval city planning structure transformation on the ground of “regular” town-planning principles laid into the background of many Russian cities’ reformation in the times of Catherine the Second. In this respect Tver was actually a pioneer for it became the first city after Saint Petersburg where new planning standards were approbated. After a period of a relative calm in the renewal of city constructions, the Semicircular Square had gradually started to change its image since 1840-es. An increase of storeys’ number of the buildings situated there had started since the late of the 19th century, and this process didn’t stop until the middle of the 20th century. This process ran parallel to the modification of stylistics of all the constructions of the square. Along with this process new architectural and decorative forms not all the time were used in the original buildings because some constructions of the times of Catherine the Great gave place to buildings of later time. But in spite of such cardinal changes in architectural image of the square buildings the town-planning significance of this ensemble still remains rather relevant one in the context of historical centre of the capital of the Upper Volga region.

Keywords

Tver, Semicircular Square, “regular’ town-planning, Late Baroque forms, eclectisism, constructivism.

References

1 Babushkin al'bom [Grandmother’s Album], collected by V. L. Rudenko, A. N. Semenov. Tver', Studiia S Publ., 2005. 244 p. (In Russian)

2 Beletskaia E., Krasheninnikova N., Chernozubova L., Ern I. “Obraztsovye” proekty v zhiloi zastroike russkikh gorodov XVIII–XIX vv. [“Standard” Projects in Dwelling Constructions of Russian Cities of the 18th–19th Centuries]. Moscow, Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo literatury po stroitel'stvu, arkhitekture i stroitel'nym materialam Publ., 1961. 205 p. (In Russian)

3 Demkin A. V. Russkoe kupechestvo XVII–XVIII vekov. [Russian Merchantry of the 17th–18th Centuries]. In: Goroda Verkhnevolzh'ia [Cities of the Upper Volga Region]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1990. 94 p. (In Russian)

4 Kolosov V. I. Proshloe i nastoiashchee g. Tveri [Past and Present of Tver]. Tver', Izdanie Tverskoi uchenoi arkhivnoi komissii Publ., 1917. 180 p. (In Russian)

5 Kupriianov A. I. Gorodskaia kul'tura russkoi provintsii. Konets XVIII – pervaia polovina XIX veka [Urban Culture of Russian Province. Late 18th – the First Half of the 19th Century]. Moscow, Novyi khronograf Publ., 2007. 480 p. (In Russian)

6 Russkoe gradostroitel'noe iskusstvo. Moskva i slozhivshiesia russkie goroda XVIII – pervoi poloviny XIX vekov [Russian Town-Planning Art. Moscow and Established Russian Cities of the 18th – the First Half of the 19th Centuries], general reduction by N. F. Gulianitskii. Moscow, Stroiizdat Publ., 1998. 440 p. (In Russian)

7 Salimov A. M., Salimova M. A. Istoriia arkhitekturnogo kompleksa AO “Elektrosviaz'” v Tveri [History of Architectural Complex “Elektrosvyaz Ltd.” in Tver]. In: Istoriia i kul'tura Tverskogo kraia. Trudy filiala GASK v g. Tveri [History and Culture of Tver Land. Proceedings of GASK Branch]. Tver', Tverskaia oblastnaia tipografiia Publ., 2002. Vol. 1. 224 p. (In Russian)

8 Salimov A. M. Arkhitektura Tveri XVII veka [Tver Architecture of the 17th Century]. Tver', Izdatel' “Salimovy i K°” Publ., 2020. 544 p. (In Russian)

9 Svod pamiatnikov arkhitektury i monumental'nogo iskusstva Rossii: Tverskaia oblast' [Collection of Architectural Monuments and Monumental Arts of Russia: Tver Region], chef edited by G. K. Smirnov. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2002. Part 1. 816 p. (In Russian)

10 Tverskaia oblast'. Entsiklopedicheskii spravochnik [Tver Region. Encyclopaedical Reference]. Tver', Tverskoe oblastnoe knizhno-zhurnal'noe izdatel'stvo Publ., 1994. 328 p. (In Russian)

11 Tver' 100 let spustia. Fotoal'bom [Tver 100 Years Later. Photoalbum], Authors-collectors O. B. Glonina, K. V. Litvitskii. Tver', IP Glonina I. B. Publ., Tverskoe foto Publ., 2015. 112 p. (In Russian)

12 Ulitsy goroda Tveri. Informatsionno-spravochnoe izdanie [Streets of the city of Tver. Information and reference publication], collected by A. A. Korliakov. Tver', Izdatel'stvo GERS Publ., 2006. 304 p. (In Russian)

13 Shchenkov A. S. Opyt rekonstruktsii plana Tveri kontsa XVII v. [An experience of Tver` Layout Reconstruction of the Late 17th Century]. Arkhitekturnoe nasledstvo, 1980, vol. 28, pp. 29–36. (In Russian)

PDF-file

Download